လက္ရွိျပည္တြင္း အခြင့္အေရး အေျခအေန

ေရႊေက်ာင္းသား@ဂူဂါလ္ေမးလ္.ေကာ္န္မ္ Shwekyaungtarr@googlemail.com မွ

ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ၏ လူ႔အခြင့္အေရးအေျခအေနသည္ လြန္စြာဆိုး၀ါးလ်က္ရွိေနပါသည္။ စစ္အာဏာရွင္စနစ္က လူ႔အခြင့္အေရးကို စနစ္တက်ခ်ဳိးေဖာက္ေနရံုသာမက သတင္းအခ်က္အလက္မ်ားကို တင္းက်ပ္စြာထိမ္းခ်ဳပ္ ထားမႈ ေၾကာင့္ လူ႔အခြင့္အေရးႏွင့္ ပတ္သက္သည့္ မည္သည့္အေၾကာင္း အရာကိုမွ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံအတြင္းတြင္ ေလ့လာႏိုင္စြမ္းမရွိၾကပါ။ ထုတ္ေ၀သည့္ စာအုပ္စာတမ္းမ်ား အားလံုးမွာ တင္းၾကပ္ေသာ စာေပစီစစ္မႈေအာက္တြင္ ျဖတ္ေတာက္ခံခဲ့ၾကရသည္။ ၁၉၈၈ ခု လူထုအံုၾကြမႈေနာက္ပိုင္းမွသာ အေ၀းေရာက္ ႏိုင္ငံေရးလႈပ္ရွားသူမ်ားက စတင္ကာ လူ႕အခြင့္အေရးႏွင့္ ပတ္သက္သည့္ စာအုပ္စာတမ္းမ်ားထုတ္ေ၀ျခင္း၊ သင္တန္းေဆြေႏြးပြဲမ်ား ျပဳလုပ္ျခင္းတို႔ကို လုပ္ေဆာင္၍ လူ႕အခြင့္အေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ားကို ျမန္မာျပည္သူမ်ား အတြင္း ျပန္႔ႏွံ႕ေအာင္လုပ္ေဆာင္လာခဲ့ၾကသည္။ သို႔ေသာ္ ေလ့လာရသည့္ စာအုပ္စာတမ္းအမ်ားစုမွာ အဂၤလိပ္ဘာသာျဖင့္ ေရးသားထားျခင္းျဖစ္ေသာေၾကာင့္ ႏိုင္ငံတကာ ဘာသာစကား ကၽြမ္းက်င္မႈနည္းပါး ျခင္းႏွင့္ လူ႔အခြင့္အေရးဆိုင္ရာ ေ၀ါဟာရမ်ားႏွင့္ အလွမ္းကြာေ၀းျခင္း တို႔ေၾကာင့္ လူ႔အခြင့္အေရး ပညာေပး လုပ္ငန္းမ်ားမွာ ေမွ်ာ္မွန္း ထားသလို ထိေရာက္မႈမရွိခဲ့ၾကေပ။

Understanding HUMAN RIGHTS

Human rights refer to "the basic rights and freedoms to which all
humans are entitled." Examples of rights and freedoms which are often
thought of as human rights include civil and political rights, such as
the right to life and liberty, freedom of expression, and equality
before the law; and social, cultural and economic rights, including
the right to participate in culture, the right to work, and the right
to education.

Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, whatever our
nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin,
colour, religion, language, or any other status. We are all equally
entitled to our human rights without discrimination. These rights are
all interrelated, interdependent and indivisible.

Universal human rights are often expressed and guaranteed by law, in
the forms of treaties, customary international law, general principles
and other sources of international law.

International human rights law lays down obligations of Governments to
act in certain ways or to refrain from certain acts, in order to
promote and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms of
individuals or groups.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a non-binding
declaration adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948,
partly in response to the barbarian acts of World War II. Although the
UDHR is a non-binding resolution, it is now considered to be a central
component of international customary law which may be invoked under
appropriate circumstances by national and other judiciaries.

The UDHR urges member nations to promote a number of human, civil,
economic and social rights, asserting these rights are part of the
"foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world." The
declaration was the first international legal effort to limit the
behaviour of states and press upon them duties to their citizens
following the model of the rights-duty duality.

Human rights in Burma are a long-standing concern for the
international community and human rights organizations. There is
general agreement that the military regime in Burma is one of the
world's most repressive and abusive regimes.

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